摘要：随着“一带一路”六大经济走廊建设的推进和深入，沿线国家所存在的政治风险、投资风险、恐怖主义威胁以及地缘政治风险也越来越多地暴露出来，中亚和南亚成为困难最为集中的地区。本报告在系统分析中亚、南亚地缘政治热点基础上，提出了构建“大中亚经济圈”“印度洋经济圈”和“孟加拉湾经济圈”的建议。在中亚地区，俄罗斯和伊朗虽然传统上没有被视为中亚国家，但在中亚地区具有很大影响力；巴基斯坦问题、阿富汗问题对中亚的发展也造成影响；中亚国家自身发展程度也较低。建议构建“大中亚经济圈”，统筹应对上述风险与挑战。中亚、南亚的地缘政治形势影响了中巴经济走廊向南、向北的发展空间，同时中国与非洲东部国家合作态势良好，埃塞俄比亚—吉布提经济走廊、肯尼亚—乌干达经济走廊和坦桑尼亚—卢旺达经济走廊开始逐渐成型，因此建议依托四大经济走廊构建中国—印度洋经济圈。孟加拉湾地区各国发展水平参差不齐，且缺乏地区化动力和意识，因此区域经济一体化水平较低。这对孟中印缅经济走廊发展带来不利影响。因此，建议重视印度作用，将印度尼西亚、马尔代夫、斯里兰卡等国统一纳入“孟加拉湾经济圈”，促进区域经济一体化。关键词：“一带一路” 俄罗斯 伊朗 印度 中巴经济走廊 孟加拉湾

Abstract: With the advancement and deepening of the construction of the six major economic corridors of the "Belt and Road", the political, investment, terrorist and geopolitical risks of countries along the route have been increasingly exposed, and Central and South Asia have become the regions with the most concentrated difficulties. Based on the systematic analysis of geopolitical hotspots in Central Asia and South Asia, this report puts forward suggestions for building a "Greater Central Asia Economic Circle", "Indian Ocean Economic Circle" and "Bay of Bengal Economic Circle". In Central Asia, Russia and Iran, although not traditionally considered Central Asian countries, have a great deal of influence in the region; The Pakistani and Afghan issues also have an impact on the development of Central Asia; Central Asian countries themselves are also less developed. It is recommended to build a "Greater Central Asia Economic Circle" to deal with the above risks and challenges in an integrated manner. The geopolitical situation in Central Asia and South Asia has affected the development space of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor to the south and north, while the cooperation between China and Eastern African countries is good, and the Ethiopia-Djibouti Economic Corridor, the Kenya-Uganda Economic Corridor and the Tanzania-Rwanda Economic Corridor have begun to take shape, so it is recommended to rely on the four major economic corridors to build a China-Indian Ocean Economic Circle. Countries in the Bay of Bengal region have a low level of regional economic integration due to their uneven levels of development and lack of regionalization momentum and awareness. This has adversely affected the development of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor. Therefore, it is recommended to attach importance to India's role and integrate Indonesia, Maldives, Sri Lanka and other countries into the "Bay of Bengal Economic Circle" to promote regional economic integration. Keywords: "One Belt, One Road" Russia, Iran, India, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, Bay of Bengal（AI翻译）

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