Based on the research goal of solving the problem of rural public goods supply efficiency of county and township governments and realizing the equalization of urban and rural basic public services, this book constructs a new supply economics analysis framework for the basic problems of rural public goods supply efficiency from the perspective of supply-side reform, and through a large number of field investigations, from five aspects: rural public goods supply efficiency standards, supply decisions, supply structure, supply mode, and supply performance evaluation methods of county and township governments. The current situation and basic trend of rural public goods supply efficiency of county and township governments in China have been thoroughly studied. Starting from the new supply economics theory, this book conducts theoretical and empirical analysis on the improvement of the supply efficiency of rural public goods based on solving the efficiency problem from the supply side of rural public goods. This book puts forward a series of basic viewpoints such as "supply-determined efficiency theory" and "public finance and agricultural theory", and plans a top-level design, a "new starting point, three-step" reform path and a policy framework of "five expansions, three increases, and inclusive co-governance" to improve the supply efficiency of rural public goods in county and township governments. The research results of this book have important practical reference significance for promoting the supply-side structural reform of rural public goods, promoting the equalization of basic urban and rural public services, and promoting the construction of modern agriculture.(AI翻译)