经30余年的发展，新生代农民工已成为我国农民工群体的主体。然而，农民工群体的这种代际分化并未表现在他们的语言使用和社会认同上。无论是新生代还是老一代农民工，绝大多数都会说普通话与老家话，且能根据交际环境的不同自如地运用这两种语体。一般而言，他们在外部交际中使用普通话，而在内部交际中使用老家话。新老农民工如此使用语言，与他们对城市或农村的认同并无多大关系，而是缘于普通话可以方便他们在城市的工作与生活，甚至能拓展他们在城市的生存空间，而老家话则有助于他们维持与老乡之间的密切关系，从而在孤立无援时获得难得的社会支持或情感慰藉。在此，普通话并不是城市社会的标识，老家话亦不是农村社会的标识，新老农民工对普通话或老家话的使用更多地是出于现实利益的考虑，而不是出于表达社会认同的需要。实际上，农民工一开始就未确立对城市或农村的认同，即便发展至新生代这里，情况也未有明显的好转，这也预示着我国的城市化道路必将是一个艰巨而长期的过程。

After more than 30 years of development, the new generation of migrant workers has become the main body of China's migrant worker group. However, this generational differentiation of migrant worker groups is not reflected in their language use and social identity. The vast majority of migrant workers, whether the new generation or the older generation, speak Mandarin and Laojia, and can freely use these two styles according to the different communication environments. In general, they use Mandarin in external communication and Lao Jia in internal communication. The use of language by new and old migrant workers has little to do with their identification with the city or the countryside, but because Mandarin can facilitate their work and life in the city, and even expand their living space in the city, while the old dialect helps them maintain a close relationship with their fellow villagers, so as to obtain rare social support or emotional comfort when they are isolated. Here, Putonghua is not the symbol of urban society, and the old dialect is not the symbol of rural society, and the use of Putonghua or Laojia dialect by new and old migrant workers is more out of practical interests than the need to express social identity. In fact, migrant workers did not establish their urban or rural identity at the beginning, and even if they developed into the new generation, the situation has not improved significantly, which also indicates that China's urbanization road will be a difficult and long-term process.（AI翻译）

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