书院是中国古代一种独特的教育机构，涵养德性是古代书院教育的根本使命与终极目标。本书分析了古代书院德性培育的教育理念、基本方法、具体途径和根本目标，强调在德性养成过程中，除了发挥制度约束与环境浸润的作用，更应该注重个体的自觉修为。古代书院有教无类、广纳生徒的教育理念，学问讨论、自由开放的会讲制度，质疑辩难、定期游学的教学方式，跟随从游、融洽和谐的师生关系和自主自觉、内省慎独的个体修为，都是其涵养德性的重要组成部分。充分发掘古代书院教育对当代高等教育的借鉴意义与参考价值，是本书的最终落脚点与最高价值追求。

Academies are a unique educational institution in ancient China, and cultivating morality is the fundamental mission and ultimate goal of ancient academy education. This book analyzes the educational concepts, basic methods, specific approaches and fundamental goals of moral cultivation in ancient academies, and emphasizes that in the process of moral cultivation, in addition to playing the role of institutional constraints and environmental immersion, more attention should be paid to the conscious cultivation of individuals. The ancient academies had the educational philosophy of teaching without class and accepting students, the system of academic discussion, free and open lectures, the teaching method of questioning difficulties and regular study tours, following the tour, harmonious and harmonious teacher-student relationship, and self-conscious, introspective and cautious individual cultivation, all of which are important parts of its moral cultivation. Fully exploring the reference significance and reference value of ancient college education to contemporary higher education is the ultimate foothold and highest value pursuit of this book.（AI翻译）

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