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梁启超新史学的当代解读

The contemporary interpretation of liang qichao's new historiography.

ISBN:978-7-5161-2490-1

出版日期:2013-04

页数:357

字数:373.0千字

点击量:5454次

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陈其泰一个学者,具有天生的聪慧和渊博的学识,同时勤奋过人,数十年如一日,以惊人的毅力披阅典籍、发愤写作,一生完成了一千四百余万字的著作,涉及社会问题和诸多的学术领域,其精神和成就,是很值得钦佩的!更加难能可贵的是,时光的流逝没有冲淡他的光彩,百年之后,他的论著仍被一版再版,广受欢迎,而当人们打开新出的哲学社会科学类刊物时,会发现引用其言论者难以尽数,历年来的博士、硕士学位论文也有许多人以研究其学术思想为题目,选取的角度包括史学、文献学、哲学、文学、经济、财政、法律、宗教等,其影响力堪称历久而弥新,同时代学人罕有其匹,这就更证明他的论著和思想在近代文化史上建树了一座丰碑!他就是梁启超,20世纪著名的启蒙思想家、杰出的史学家和百科全书式的学者。1929年,梁启超逝世之时,黄炎培即撰文说:“戊戌迄今三十年来,自士大夫以至妇人竖子,外薄四海,惟先生为能摄取思想,而尽解其束缚,一其视听,此诚诱导国人,迎吸世界新法第一步最有价值之工作也。晚岁指示人以科学方法治国学之途径……要之,近世纪文章震力之大,应声之远,谁则如之?”郭沫若则在《少年时代》中回忆说:“平心而论,梁任公地位在当时确实不失为一个革命家的代表。他是生在中国的封建制度被资本主义冲破了的时候,他负戴着时代的使命,标榜自由思想而与封建的残垒作战。在他那新兴气锐的言论之前,差不多所有的旧思想、旧风气都好像狂风中的败叶,完全失掉了它的精彩。二十年前的青少年——换句话说,就是当时有产阶级的子弟——无论是赞成或反对,可以说没有一个没有受过他的思想或文字的洗礼的。”这两段话,深刻而中肯地对梁氏的思想、造诣、学术成就和巨大的影响作出的恰当的评价,代表了人们的共识。若要补充最新的例证,则平日留心阅读的人不难从报纸杂志中随手找到,如,在纪念辛亥革命100周年之际,有学者撰文指出,梁启超是辛亥革命发生前夜最为准确地预言清王朝将迅速垮台、将来词典上也绝无“宣统三年”的人物。另有一篇论述20世纪中国长篇传记发生发展历程的文章指出,中国长篇传记出现于20世纪之初,正是与梁启超倡导“新史学”密切相关的,梁氏本人撰写的《王荆公评传》就是中国长篇传记肇始之作。还有一本在2011年底出版的纪念钱穆的书,认为激发钱穆之志研究历史的原因,是他在16岁时读了梁启超的《中国前途的希望和国民责任》后,心灵上受到极大的震撼,因而发愿要在研治历史中寻找中国不亡的原因。以上引录的两段评论和报刊文章提供的信息有力地证明:梁启超的思想和学术具有强大的生命力,过了一个世纪以后人们阅读他的论著,仍然能不断获得新的领悟,新的启迪。毫无疑问,这是文化史上极为宝贵和极为重要的现象,研究者有责任对此进行深入的探讨和总结。这样做,不但是进一步剖析、评价梁启超学术的需要,更是科学地阐述20世纪学术思潮和文化走向的需要,而且对于启发当前人们创造出具有更高价值和更鲜明时代特征的学术成果很有现实意义。宋学勤博士付出极大心力撰成的专著《梁启超新史学的当代解读》,恰恰符合这一时代要求。作者选题新颖,立意很高,明显地要站在21世纪的高度,对于梁启超学术何以具有如此强大生命力作新的探讨,提供自己的答案。作者目光敏锐,研究思路清晰,书中重点论述的都是很关键的问题,包括:民族危机的深重和救亡图存思潮高涨对梁氏的影响和推动;梁氏倡导思想启蒙的自觉意识和成效卓著的实践;中西文化交流所提供的时代机遇;梁氏对传统学术的深厚根柢及其批判继承精神;进步哲学观的指导与梁氏传播近代进化论的贡献,等等。这就使作者能在前人成果的基础上向前推进,名副其实地做到对梁氏学术作“当代解读”,提出一系列创新见解。再者,作者对研究工作有严肃认真的态度。她在绎大量文献、深入挖掘有价值的第一手资料和梳理、归纳、提炼上,下了很大功夫。惟其如此,本书对梁启超新史学理论体系的诠释才有深度。如,关于“梁氏对于传统史学的批判继承和探讨新史学范式”、论述了“对史学优良传统的阐释与褒扬”、“对历史编纂问题的总结与继承”、“发掘传统史学理论的永久价值”等问题。关于“梁启超多学科治史视野的前瞻性”,论述了“心理史学方法的探研”、“历史统计学的倡导”、“历史地理学的视角”等。另外,对梁启超新史学的方法论审视、与鲁滨孙新史学的比较研究、欧游后梁启超新史学的发展态势等,同样做了深入的阐释和条理详备的论述。立意高、时代感强,抓住问题之荦荦大者,提出了诸多创新见解,确实把梁启超新史学理论体系的研究向前推进了一大步,并且对于当下发展21世纪的新史学很有启迪意义。这里还要特别讲到,作者之所以能够获得具有重要创新价值的成果,是源于其发愤努力、刻苦钻研的精神。我不由得回忆起,当宋学勤同学考取博士研究生不久,我与她商定学位论文选题时的情景。当时,我有意让她做梁启超“新史学”理论体系研究的题目,其中有一个考虑是因其此前写过梁启超新史学与鲁滨孙相比较的文章,可以以此为切入点。但同时,又担心题目难度太大,试想,梁氏论著达千余万字,其中多数与史学有关,再加上要研读与梁氏同时代人的相关著作,要阅读梁氏身后学术界对他研究和评论的大量论著,任务是多么艰巨,能够完成得了吗?我把选题的重要价值和极大的难度,都对她讲明了。不意学勤同学态度坚决,毫不犹豫,表示就以此作为选题。在以后的三个寒暑中,她的确做到全力以赴,发奋攻关。科学探索是艰辛的,但她却在艰辛中发现很大的乐趣。当她读到梁氏一篇篇论著中闪光的思想和飞动的文采时,常常情不自禁要向同宿舍的同学推荐,高声朗诵起来。人们常用“苦读”、“攻读”来形容研读之难,但是确有一批人,以披沙拣金、探求新知为乐,以跋涉书山、探得新路,于前人的佳构中寻找到真理性的认识,寻找到智慧的滋养和审美的陶冶为乐,我想,这样的人是最有希望的!有更多的一批这样的人,学术研究才能绽开新花,民族文化才有继往开来,不断谱写出新的华章。在博士论文答辩会上,专家们一致予以充分的肯定。毕业之后,作者又认真加以补充、修改,使这部专著更臻新境。衷心地希望宋学勤博士今后能继续发扬在北师大求学时这种好学、苦读的精神,不畏艰难勇于攀登,不断创造出新的佳绩!2012年4月

Qi-tai Chen a scholar with natural intelligence and profound scholarship, hard work, at the same time, decades, with amazing perseverance peruse books, writing, life's work, completed the one thousand four hundred - word related to social problems and academic fields, its spirit and achievement, it is very admirable! More valuable is that the passage of time not dilute his glorious, after one hundred, his works will still be a edition, popular, and when people open the new philosophy and social science journal, will find reference will be destroyed noted, over the years of doctor, master's degree thesis also has a lot of people to research the academic ideas of the topic, choose the Angle of the including history, philology, philosophy, literature, economy, finance, law, religion, etc., its biggest impact is a new, contemporary scholars rarely the horse, it's more prove his works and thoughts in the modern cultural history had a monument! He is liang qichao, a famous twentieth-century enlightenment thinker, prominent historian and encyclopedic scholar. Died in 1929, liang qichao, huang wrote: "the reform has been 30 years, the literary intelligentsia that woman digital, the thin, but Mr To absorb ideas, and solutions for its bound, the seeing and hearing, the induction, honesty to meet world absorption is the first step in the law of the most valuable work. The late years instruct man to govern the country by scientific method... To be sure, in the near century, the article is so powerful, so far, who is it?" In "boyhood," guo moruo recalled, "to be fair, liang was indeed a revolutionary representative at that time. He was born in the feudal system of China when the capitalism broke through, he was wearing the mission of The Times, and advocated the freedom thought and fought against the feudal remnants. Before his new-found expression, almost all the old ideas and the old ethos seemed to be lost in the wind, and lost all its splendor. Twenty years ago -- in other words, the sons of the bourgeoisis-either in favor or against it, there was no one who had not been baptized by his thoughts or words. These two words, the profound and pertinent evaluation of liang's thoughts, attainments, academic achievements and great influences, represent the consensus of the people. If you want to add the latest example, pay attention to reading have easy to conveniently find from newspapers and magazines, such as, in to mark the 100th anniversary of the xinhai revolution, the scholar wrote, liang qichao was happened on the eve of xinhai revolution is most accurately predicted the qing dynasty would quickly collapse, dictionary in the future also no "xuantong three years". Another article discusses the development course of the 20th century Chinese full-length biographies of the article points out that Chinese full-length biographies in the beginning of the 20th century, it is closely related to liang qichao advocated the "new historiography", I wrote "Wang Jing male book is ly Chinese full-length biography began. A book published by the end of 2011 memorial mu, think that inspire Qian Muzhi research history reasons, he read at the age of 16 liang qichao's future of hope and national responsibility of the People's Republic of China, a great shock to the heart is, and intention of looking for China in the history of the research is not the cause of death. The above led to record two comments and newspaper articles provide information effectively illustrate: liang qichao's thought and academic with a strong vitality, after a century of people read his works, still can obtain a new understanding, new enlightenment. There is no doubt that this is an extremely valuable and extremely important phenomenon in the history of culture, and it is the responsibility of the researchers to explore and summarize it. To do so, but no further analysis and evaluation of liang qichao's academic needs, but also scientifically in this paper, the academic thoughts and culture to the needs of the 20th century, and to inspire the people create a higher value and more distinct era characteristic of academic achievement is of great practical significance. The monograph on liang qichao's new historiography, written by Dr. Song xueqin, is exactly in line with the requirements of this era. The author chooses the topic novel and stands high, obviously to stand in the height of the 21st century, and provides his own answers to the new discussion on why liang qichao has such a powerful life force. The author has a keen eye and a clear idea of research. The key issues in the book are the key issues, including the profound impact of the national crisis and the rising trend of the survival of the nation, and the influence and promotion of liang. Liang advocated the consciousness of enlightenment and the effective practice; The opportunities offered by Chinese and western cultural exchanges; Liang's deep roots in traditional scholarship and his critical inheritance spirit; The guidance of the philosophy of progress and the contribution of liang's theory of modern evolution, etc. This enables the author to move forward on the basis of previous achievements, and to make a series of innovative insights into the "contemporary interpretation" of liang's scholarship. Furthermore, the author has a serious attitude towards the research work. They are in the process of digging up the value of the first and the first and the first. In this way, the interpretation of liang qichao's new history theory system is profound. For example, about the critical inheritance of Chinese traditional "kissing for and explore new historiography paradigm", this paper discusses the "the interpretation of the historical tradition and praise", "the summary of the problems of historiography and inheritance", "the traditional historiography theory of permanent value" and so on. On the perspective of "liang qichao's multi-disciplinary history", this paper discusses the "exploration of the methods of psychological history", "the advocacy of historical statistics" and "the perspective of historical geography". In addition, the methodology of liang qichao's new historiography review, comparative study and lubin sun new historiography, the development situation of liang qichao's new historiography after swimming and so on, also do a thorough interpretation and organized detailed in this paper. Conception, times feeling is strong, high catch problems of apparent ones, many innovative ideas, does the study of liang qichao's new historiography theory system was a big step forward, and for the development of new historiography in the 21st century is very revealing. It is also mentioned here that the author is able to obtain the results of important innovation value, which is due to the spirit of his efforts and assiduous research. I can't help recalling that when song xueqin was admitted to a doctoral candidate, I agreed with her on the topic of the thesis selection. At that time, I wanted her to do the theory system of liang qichao's "new historiography" research topic, one of them is considered for its previously written articles of liang qichao's new historiography compared with lubin sun, can be as a starting point. But at the same time, and worry about the subject too difficult, imagine kissing the works of more than thousand word, most of them related to history, combined with the work, to study and kissing the contemporaries to read kissing the academic study and comment to him behind a large number of works, how hard the task is, able to complete? I spoke to her about the importance of the topic and how difficult it was. The students who do not want to study hard, do not hesitate to express themselves as a topic. During the next three summers, she did her best and worked hard. Scientific exploration is hard, but she finds great pleasure in the hard work. When she read liang's thoughts and fluttering ideas, she often could not help recommending to the students in the dormitory, reading aloud. People often use "swot" and "study" to describe the study hard, but there is a group of people, delights in PiShaJianJin, explore new knowledge to everybody, to explore the new road, trudging through the predecessors of the structure in the search to the truthful cognition, find the wisdom nourish and aesthetic mold for fun, I think, this is the man who is the most promising! There are many more such people, academic research can open new flowers, national culture only has to continue to write new Chinese chapter. At the doctoral thesis defense meeting, the experts unanimously give full affirmation. After graduation, the author carefully supplements and modifies the book to make it more new. I sincerely hope that Dr. Song xueqin will continue to carry forward the spirit of studying and studying hard at the university of Beijing in the future, so as not to be afraid of difficulties and brave to climb up, and constantly create new achievements! In April 2012,

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引文

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GB/T 7714-2015 格式引文
宋学勤.梁启超新史学的当代解读[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2013
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MLA 格式引文
宋学勤.梁启超新史学的当代解读.北京,中国社会科学出版社:2013E-book.
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宋学勤(2013).梁启超新史学的当代解读.北京:中国社会科学出版社
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