邹衡先生的长篇学术论文《试论夏文化》首次全面系统论证了“二里头文化是夏文化”的学术观点，是夏文化探索的重要里程碑，开创了夏代历史研究和夏文化考古研究的新局面，奠定了二里头遗址是夏都的历史地位。

《稽古夏朝：解读〈试论夏文化〉》将学术经典《试论夏文化》还原至夏文化探索的考古学史研究背景之中，全面、深入、细致地论述“二里头文化是夏文化”学术观点的形成过程和内涵实质，并阐述这一重要观点的历史贡献和深远影响。

The book brings the academic classic A Trial Discussion of Xia Culture back to the background of archaeological research on the exploration of Xia culture, it discusses in a comprehensive, in-depth and detailed manner the formation process and substance of the academic view that "Erlitou culture is a Xia culture", and elaborates on the historical contribution and far-reaching impact of this important view.