本书是围绕铸牢中华民族共同体意识的若干重大实践问题的专题性研究，其中包括全国一盘棋与民族地区现代化建设、中央财政补助与民族地区经济发展、城市民族工作的发展与改进路径、推广普及国家通用语言文字与铸牢中华民族共同体意识等。这是中国社会科学院铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地第一轮建设的重要成果，也是新时代民族学研究发挥服务民族工作高质量发展功能与作用的体现。

黄河文化作为中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分，蕴藏着丰富的教化价值。本书以黄河文化和高校思想政治教育的融合为切入点，以习近平总书记在全国高校思想政治工作会议上的讲话和在河南、甘肃、宁夏、青海等地考察黄河时的重要讲话为指导，在阐述黄河文化的内涵、特点和时代价值的基础上，深入分析了黄河文化融入高校思想政治教育的理论基础、内在逻辑、现实动因、模式建构和路径选择。本书对于进一步挖掘黄河文化蕴含的思想政治教育功能，讲好“黄河故事”，延续历史文脉，坚定文化自信，为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦凝聚精神力量具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。

I.The aim,significance and methods of the research

1.The aim and significance of the research

Whether or not the monetary policy should respond to bubbles and how the central bank should regulate the sharp fluctuations in asset prices have long been inconclusive either from theoretical models or from practical experience.In 2008,the US subprime mortgage crisis triggered by the pro-cyclicality of the financial system,that is,the positive feedback mechanism between the financial sector and the real economy,made asset bubbles and how to prevent systemic financial risks derived from them once again come back to the spotlight.After the international financial crisis，the central banks in developed economies,headed by the Federal Re-serve,had to launch unprecedented quantitative easing and even negative interest rate policies in order to inject the liquidity into the financial market and re-boost the economy.Undoubtedly,these unconventional policies have helped people step out of the haze of the crisis and helped the real economy recover,but at the same time,the side effects brought about by the surge in real estate price bubbles have also forced central banks to rush to raise interest rates in order to shrink balance sheets and gradually exit unconventional crisis response models.

Bubble is an old but constant concern.In history,the Tulip Mania in the 17th century and the South Sea Bubble in 1720 witnessed the rise and fall of asset bubbles（Kindleberger and Aliber,2011）.The Great De-pression between 1929 and 1933 caused far-reaching damage,after the stock market boom in the 1920s.In the late 1980s,Japan fell into the lost decade after the pre-bubble era（Okina and Shiratsuka,2002）.Similar events repeated in history.Debt crisis came soon after the Latin American credit boom of the early 1980s（Herrera and García,1998）.The Asian financial crisis broke out in 1997 and the subprime crisis in 2008 came one after another（Senhadji and Collyns,2002;Reinhart and Rogoff,2008），each more intense and influential than the other.Economic globalization has improved resource allocation efficiency through deep international spe-cialization,free trade and free capital flows.At the same time,the trans-parent financial markets and rapid movement of capital around the world，accompanied by complex information networks and frequent financial sys-tems,drive asset prices to rise and fall acutely.Financial markets are be-coming more and more unstable,financial crises may break out suddenly at any time,and the macroeconomic policy-making is facing more and more severe challenges.

Price stability is the cornerstone of financial stability.The reason why the prices of assets,including stocks,bonds,real estate,and foreign exchange,are unstable,stems from the reality that the trading market involves an intricate psychological game,as well as incomplete and asymmetric information between buyers and sellers in estimating price movements（Brunnermeier,2001）.With great uncertainty,rapidly changing market signals are easily misinterpreted by investors,leading to capital misallocation.Even more frightening,the misjudgments of investors only come to light when the trade ends after a time,when the economic conditions undergo a change.When asset prices rise to unacceptable levels,sudden plunges also snowball into collateral damages.As a result,even the regu lator is highly complete and sound,and the central bank owns extensive and transparent sources of information,people often see the problem only after the asset bubble has collapsed（Mishkin and White,2002）.Since small adjustments in monetary policy have a broad impact on financial markets and the economy as a whole,central banks cannot react separately to a particular type of asset price in face of a highly volatile asset price system.In addition,the root causes of various asset price fluctuations are very different,and a global regulation is very difficult to operate.What is more,policy interventions that recklessly burst the bubble will produce more far-reaching financial turmoil.

There is no denying that moderate inflation and asset bubbles under certain conditions are beneficial to the economy.It can play a benign role in stimulating consumption and investment,promoting capital accumulation and boosting economic growth.

Rising asset prices influence the spending decisions of residents and businesses with a favorable economic signal.For consumers,rising asset prices have a wealth effect,increasing individual asset values and property endowments.Optimistic expectations of increased wealth stimulate con-sumption through residents'inter-temporal smoothing behavior,and a stronger wealth endowment also provides reliable guarantees of micro-indi-viduals'excellent creditworthiness,reducing their loan costs.As a result，the financial situation of the households improves and the level of credit in-creases.For the productive sector,considering the credit transmission in financial markets,the moderate asset bubble expands the financing chan-nels of loan-constrained micro and small enterprises,improving the effi-ciency of capital allocation by realizing the transfer of funds from inefficient to high-producing enterprises,further boosting investment and output growth.However,as bubbles accumulate to a certain level,these positive stimulus effects can soon be reversed,producing extensive damage.While rising prices raise residents'wealth,overinflated market confidence tends to accumulate excessive debt,causing distortions and mismatches in resource endowments and consumption levels.By increasing the ratio of the market value of capital to its replacement cost,the inflation of asset bubbles increases Tobin＇s q（Tobin,1982）and boosts asset demand by continuously injecting liquidity into the market.

The amplification of the collateralized assets value in the credit market relax investors'external financing constraints,and the relatively lower costs of capital drive firms to expand production and capacity,increasing systemic risk in the financial markets.As a result of the excessive expansion of overall social investment and consumption,the real economy soon becomes overheated and the inflation kept climbing.In order to control inflation,monetary policy and credit policy have to tighten.In an imbalanced financial market,inflated asset prices eventually induce risks and concerns,and pessimistic expectations increasingly accumulate.When the majority of investors in the market panic seriously,the consequences of the race to sell assets are bound to be the falling of asset prices,and the bubble will eventually burst.Once the bubble burst,the ensuing liquidity risk brought a huge crisis to commercial banks:As the liabilities of commercial banks are mainly short-term deposits,while the assets of the long-term loans account for most,even big banks are difficult to survive.In addition,with the bubble burst and credit contraction,the insolvent middleclass and low-income people are more likely to take a beating since they are unable to repay their loans and even go bankrupt.In contrast,the property tycoons with information and capital advantages are more likely to seize the opportunity to exit the market first and make a fortune when prices fall.As a result,the income and wealth distribution gap widens further,undermining social stability and long-term economic growth.

Under a generally imperfect credit environment,essential capital mar kets such as stock and real estate markets present more dramatic volatility.Should governments intensify their policy interventions in managing the expansion of asset bubbles?Will tighter policy measures to raise interest rates be effective in suppressing bubbles and calming the pain of economic downturns?Tighter interest rates in an overheated economy have long been theoretically defended and promoted by mainstream macroeconomics,and policymakers have been firmly committed to strengthening regulation and intervention in financial markets for years in actual policy making.Nonetheless,empirical evidence around the world has consistently demonstrated that tight monetary policy has in many cases pushed up asset prices and inflated bubbles,raising many concerns.

In recent years,in order to manage the rising housing prices and reg-ulate real estate bubbles,China has taken a series of highly targeted and vigorous policy initiatives,including purchase limits and loan restrictions，active deleveraging movements,and tightening monetary policy regulation，yet the policy effectiveness is still not satisfactory.The nature of real estate bubbles that they are difficult to capture,difficult to measure,and difficult to control,brings monetary policy a lot of difficulties.And the intertwined condition of the real estate market and the real economy brings more diffi-cult for the governance of the property bubble.In addition,why is the tight monetary policy in the harsh credit environment unable to reverse the constant bad situation?Should central banks react directly to asset price fluctuations by considering them in the policy reaction function?Or should they keep their eyes on the ultimate goal of inflation and economic growth and take a wait-and-see attitude to bubbles?What role should financial regulators play in regulating housing price bubbles in the current environ-ment of imbalanced market supply and demand structures and structural problems in economic growth patterns?At its most basic level,how can the government effectively stop its infinite spread?Over the past decade,ex-cessive construction and investment projects in the real estate market have led to a rapid accumulation of unsustainable credit in China,leading to complex situations.Soaring housing prices have been accompanied by a large amount of unused housing stock.A large involuntary migration of the rural population to the cities has been accompanied by a rapid expansion of urban household debt,and at the macro level,government debt has risen to an unbelievable size accompanied by a large number of loopholes and risks lurking in the financial markets.

This book starts with the above questions,aiming to examine in depth the key challenges China＇s financial markets are facing,and to explore the underlying reasons why tight interest rate policies and strict capital controls,two policy measures that should work well together,have failed to solve these long-standing social problems.It also proposes targeted policy recommendations to guide the stable and healthy development of financial markets.This is of great significance to China's economy,which is under enormous pressure from an escalating trade war,and to other developing countries with similar problems.

2.Research methods

This study hypothesizes that“under an imperfect credit market environment（i.e.,the existence of credit frictions）,tight monetary policy not only fails to regulate the real estate market,but also stimulates the expansion of housing price bubbles”.The book focuses on a policy dilemma concerning people's livelihoods,which is the growing price bubbles in the real estate market under the deleveraging movement and interest rate raising in recent years,and proposes possible reasons for this abnormal occurrence,with well-founded speculations and explanations.Addressing the three main research objects of the“property price bubble”,“monetary policy transmission”and“credit mortgage constraints”,this book summarizes the causes of the formation of the housing price bubbles,the response of monetary policy,and the key role of the financial friction represented by mortgages in the transmission mechanism of the bubble.The empirical analysis verifies the hypothesis.

In the empirical analysis,in order to test the compatibility of the research hypothesis with the real economy,this book further analyzes the characteristic facts.Firstly,it measures the house price bubbles in China based on the State Space Model,and then conducts an empirical study of the impact of monetary policy on the real estate bubbles in China using China＇s macroeconomic time series with constant coefficients and Time-varying coefficients Vector Auto-regressive models,respectively.Using statistical tools and econometric methods,this book incorporates the characteristic facts of the Chinese economy into the research framework,tests the research hypotheses with actual data,and also provides a logical mechanism for the later derivation of the general equilibrium theory of the transmission mechanism of monetary policy on the house price bubble under the collateral constraint,providing a more solid basis for the conclusions and policy recommendations.

In the theoretical model,after characterizing the facts and empirical evidence to test the research hypotheses,this book systematically composes the theoretical foundations and frameworks of the Dynamic Stochastic Gen-eral Equilibrium Model（DSGE）and Financial Frictions in the Credit Market（FFCM）,and establishes an Over-lapping Generation Model in which the financing process is constrained by loan collateral,and bubbles in the real estate market are introduced into the transactions of representa-tive households in the model.By establishing an intertemporal optimal de-cision function for consumers,the book derives a proof of the unique exist-ence of a steady-state bubble equilibrium,a mathematical proof of the conclusion,and a mechanism decomposition of the“collateral mechanism”and the“interest rate mechanism”in a comparative static analysis.By calibrating parameters that are consistent with Chinese reality and economic theory,the book further simulates and estimates the complete general equilibrium theoretical model numerically,and obtains dynamic results from impulse response analysis.Furthermore,the book systematically explains the complete transmission mechanism of monetary policy to real estate price bubbles theoretically,and discusses the role and impact of financial frictions in the credit market in this transmission mechanism.

II.Main content and key points

The central point of this book is as follows.Given the collateral mechanism in the credit constraint,the expansionary effect of tight monetary policy（rising interest rates）on rational real estate price bubbles is further enhanced and amplified if investors'access to credit is more tightly restricted.The logical explanation for this inference is as follows:For speculative real estate bubbles that are not productive,they enter the capital market as part of the collateral assets available for holders to guarantee to financial intermediaries and raise loans.According to standard asset pricing theory,these bubble assets,which have no intrinsic value and do not generate real returns,are driven by investor sentiment,and therefore expand as market returns increase（called the “interest rate mechanism”）.In addition to collateral housing assets,individuals also hold dividend-paying assets of productive enterprises and use them as collateral for loans,which are referred to in this book as“physical collateral assets”.Thus,bubble collateral assets and physical collateral assets together form a collateral asset pool that can be used by the representative investors in this model to obtain loans from banks to meet liquidity needs.Under intense deleveraging movements,credit conditions tighten and investors are subject to financial constraints and liquidity pressures.At this point,if the monetary authority announces a tight monetary policy,the corresponding increase in production costs with rising interest rates reduces the speed of capital accumulation and slows production,causing the total social value of ordinary collateralizable assets to contract.Therefore,when investors are constrained by tight credit constraints and cannot borrow e-nough money with existing physical collateral assets,they will spontane-ously hold more bubble collateral assets to relieve the liquidity shortage，and the real estate bubble will further appreciate due to its collateralized properties.

III.Academic Innovation and Contribution

The main contribution and innovation of this book are summarized as follows.This book investigates the transmission mechanism of monetary policy on real estate price bubbles from the perspective of loan collateral constraints,and provides a comprehensive analysis of the policy effects arising from the combination of interest rate raising and deleveraging movements to give possible explanations for the puzzling real estate bubbles that current policies have been unable to resolve.

First,this book develops an over-lapping generation（OLG）model into a general equilibrium framework.China＇s financial market has undergone a deterioration of the lending environment and inflated asset bubbles arising from tightened monetary policies.This model is an attempt to explain the policy dilemma of why various real estate regulation policies have failed to control the bubble.

In the previous studies that focused on the policy of how to control the housing bubble,few scholars have conducted a comprehensive and systematic perspective on the compound effect of the double austerity measures characterized by“interest rate raising”+“deleveraging”.This book focuses on the mortgage ability of housing bubble assets in investors'loan portfolios,seriously analyzes the role of the collateral mechanism in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy on asset bubbles,and explores the impact of the interest rate on the economy.Although there are numer-ous studies on the monetary policy transmission mechanism of asset prices，the crux of mortgage finance as a bubble asset is not well studied.This book adopts the New Keynesian framework,which has been widely used in literature of monetary policy and capital markets,in order to better fit the stylized facts of how real estate markets work and to provide a more com-prehensive analysis of the effect on the purchase decisions of overlapping generation households.

Second,this book attempts to make several meaningful extensions to the previous seminal theoretical research.The potential extension is sum-marized as follows:（i）In the context of capital market transactions,the book extends the assumption in Farhi and Tirole（2011）that only entre-preneurs can hold bubble assets by allowing workers to hold asset bubbles，leading to a wider range of bubble transactions.Considering the current re-alistic background of a steady rise in national house prices and universal home buying,the common participation of all investors in the trading of re-al estate bubble assets resonates better with the economic reality of China.（ii）In response to the crowd-out effect of bubble expansion on capital ac-cumulation proposed by Martin and Ventura（2012,2016）,this book fur-ther decomposes the collateral mechanism from the original interest rate mechanism to provide solid theoretical support.Specifically,this book demonstrates the amplifying effect of financial frictions in the form of credit constraints on bubble expansion,and deeply analyzes how the growth of the real estate bubble（house prices keep soaring）and the slowdown of capital accumulation in the production process（the decrease in the growth of real enterprises and the shutdown of highly productive enterprises）in-teract with each other.（iii）Previous studies,including Wang and Wen（2012）,Miao and Wang（2012,2018）,use the infinite-horizon model as a theoretical framework,and focus on the impact of stock market bubbles that generate real dividends on investment and capital reallocation.Relating to their ideas,this book focuses the main body of research on pure bubble-type assets used as a means of storing value by economic individuals with overlapping generations.

Third,most scholars studying real estate bubbles and monetary policy have focused their analyses on the U.S.market（Poterbaetal.1991;Iaco-viello 2005;Brunnermeier and Julliard 2008;Genesove and Han 2012），and have not delved deeply into the Chinese economy,which currently has enormous academic potential.This book provides a detailed empirical a-nalysis of the impact of China＇s monetary policy on the real estate market bubble by using Chinese macroeconomic time series data.Given that the large-scale securitization of property market assets and the long-accumula-ted liquidity pressure on lenders have attracted much attention from politi-cal and academic scholars and widespread public debate,this book pro-vides a logical and data-supported interpretation for the possibility that mi-cro-individuals with financial constraints have been subjected to the nega-tive impact of lifting interest rates against the background of the difficulties in raising debt.As a consequence of the negative monetary policy shock of“interest rate raising”,they were forced to turn to the real estate market for additional liquidity to solve their debt problems,as their own produc-tion slowdown could not alleviate their liquidity requirements.This conclu-sion has important implications for the long-term sustainability of China's financial markets.

Key words:Housing Bubbles,Monetary Policy,Credit Constraint，Financial Friction,Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Theory

本书研究了乡村振兴战略实施背景下，我国乡村劳动力就业、乡村劳动力技能培养与提升、乡村劳动力社会保险、返乡入乡创业、乡村治理人才队伍建设、基层卫生人才队伍建设、乡村教育人才队伍建设等问题，分析了我国改革开放以来激励引导人才向基层流动的相关政策、先发国家乡村人力资源开发的主要实践及其启示，探讨了乡村振兴战略实施背景下优化乡村人力资源开发机制的基本定位与路径选择。

本书在描写语言学与人类语言学的框架下，以田野语言调查材料和相关研究文献的语料为基础，简要描写了达斡尔语（以布特哈方言为中心）的语言结构，达斡尔语布特哈、齐齐哈尔、海拉尔、新疆四个方言区语言使用现状、方言差异与语言发展趋势，以及达斡尔族历史上曾使用的清代“达呼尔文”和其他几种达斡尔文字研制及使用情况等。

随着经济全球化的不断深入，大量的国际移民和频繁的人才跨国流动已经成为当今世界经济发展的重要现象之一。根据UNDESA的相关统计数据，国际移民的数量从20世纪70年代的8446万人增加至2017年的2.57亿人。然而，国际移民的主要目的国均为高收入国家，2017年发达经济体的移民数量占国际移民总数的63.8%，绝对数量达1.64亿人。其中，技术移民既是国际移民中最重要的形式之一，又是东道国最看重的移民群体；这类移民通常是根据申请者的学历程度、专业背景以及语言能力等多方面综合实力来申请移民。以澳大利亚为例，2017—2018财年，澳洲政府共发放16.24万个永久居民名额，其中11.09万个为技术移民，技术移民占总名额将近70%。由此可见，高素质的人力资本已成为世界各国经济发展与技术进步的最重要要素之一，更是各国竞相争夺的宝贵资源。技术进步与创新是一国经济持续发展的动力和源泉。改革开放40多年来，我国经济的高速发展在很大程度上依赖于劳动力和资源环境的低成本优势，随着我国经济进入新常态发展阶段，加快实现由低成本优势向技术创新优势的转换是我国经济持续发展的重要推动力量。2012年党的十八大明确提出了创新驱动发展战略，2016年5月，中共中央、国务院进一步发布《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》，技术创新的重要性不言而喻。关于技术进步和经济增长动力机制，国内外学者进行了广泛而深入的探讨，其中既有涉及物质资本等传统要素投入的讨论，又有对高技术人才、研发等高素质要素的关注。由于技术的进步与创新更加依赖于人的能动性，因此人才才是最关键的要素之一。

Solow指出，技术进步是指生产函数任意一种形式的变动，技术进步主要包括技术创新和技术效率两个方面，经济组织的变化、劳动力人力资本存量的提升以及促使生产函数变化的各项因素均可纳入“技术变化”，而创新则更加偏向于新技术和新方法的发明。一方面，对于技术水平相对较低的发展中国家和地区来说，利用发达国家的技术溢出是促进本国技术进步的重要途径之一；另一方面，创新是技术进步的核心动力，技术进步在很大程度上也取决于本国的创新水平。已有研究表明，国际知识溢出的渠道主要包括人力资本流动、外商直接投资、对外直接投资、国际贸易、专利的引用等；与此同时，关于移民与创新方面的研究发现，在东道国经济中产生更大的文化多样性是移民促进创新的一条重要机制。首先，本书从理论层面剖析和阐释国际人才流入促进中国技术进步的四条重要机制，即国际人才流入与人力资本累积、国际人才流入与外商直接投资、国际人才流入与对外直接投资以及国际人才流入与多元文化创新；其次，本书在基于留学视角对我国国际人才流入的现状进行分析的基础上，依次检验了国际人才流入对我国人力资本积累、外商直接投资以及对外直接投资的促进效应；最后，本书通过实证分析深入探讨了国际人才流入对我国全要素生产率和城市层面创新能力的影响。本书得到的主要结论如下：

关于机制检验部分的研究发现：①国际人才流入规模的增加可以显著地促进地区人力资本的积累，但这种促进作用存在一定的区域差异，即在东部地区，该促进作用并不明显，在中部地区，除政府奖学金留学生以外，国际人才流入对人力资本积累均有显著的促进作用，在西部地区，国际人才流入对人力资本积累的促进作用主要体现在学历留学生上。②国际人才流入能够显著促进地区外商直接投资水平的提高，同时还能够通过降低企业经营环境缺失和地理集聚水平低下的负面影响间接促进FDI水平的提升；此外，国际人才流入对FDI区位分布的影响在不同的经济区域存在一定的差异，即对长三角地区并无显著的促进作用，但对环渤海地区以及西部地区的影响则较为显著。③国际人才流入能够有效推动中国对外直接投资，但这种促进作用会随着国际人才流入的规模大小以及东道国地理距离的远近发生变化；当人才流入规模较大时，通过网络效应产生的投资风险规避效应会更加显著，因此对OFDI的促进作用更有效；当地理距离较近时，人才交流产生的文化壁垒降低效应会更加显著，因此对OFDI的促进作用更有效；而当人才流入规模较小或地理距离较大时，国际人才流入对OFDI的促进机制可能会失灵。

关于国际人才流入对中国全要素生产率和城市层面创新能力影响的研究发现：①国际人才流入规模能够显著促进地区全要素生产率的提升，这种促进作用主要体现在全要素生产率变化指数和技术进步变化指数上，对技术效率变化指数则没有显著影响。进一步研究发现，国际人才对全要素生产率的促进效应更多地来自非学历留学生和自筹经费留学生人才。此外，通过选择外商投资水平和市场化程度作为门槛变量进一步构建门槛回归模型分析发现，外商直接投资对全要素生产率的影响呈现单一门槛特征，市场化程度对全要素生产率的影响则呈现出双门槛特征。②国际人才流入对城市创新能力的提升存在显著的促进作用，但对不同规模城市的影响存在显著的差异，即对超大城市的创新能力存在显著的促进作用，而对特大城市和大城市的创新能力没有显著的影响；同时，国际人才流入对处于不同城市群的城市创新能力影响也存在差异，即对京津冀城市群、成渝城市群以及中原城市群的城市创新能力存在显著的促进作用，而对长三角城市群、长江中游城市群以及关中平原城市群地区的影响并不显著；进一步引入空间计量模型分析发现，城市间创新能力存在内生交互效应，即一个城市的创新指数受到其邻近城市创新指数的影响，且国际人才流入规模能够显著促进本城市的创新能力，但对邻近城市却存在一定的负面影响；此外，选择高等教育水平、城市地理面积、基础设施水平以及城市蔓延指数作为门槛变量，进行门槛效应检验分析发现，国际人才流入对城市创新能力的影响的确存在显著的门槛效应，并且在门槛效应模型下的拟合度比线性估计更优。

本书基于我国目前国际人才流入的现状，同时借鉴主要发达国家吸引国际人才和推动技术进步的宝贵经验，将“他山之石”与我国国际人才流入现状相结合，分别从国家层面、地方层面以及高校层面提出切实可行的吸引国际人才的政策建议。

关键词：留学视角；国际人才流入；机制；技术进步；创新

本书从书写者、书写方式、工具材料、笔法、书体、书风等方面，对中古时期书迹及其演变进行了系统梳理和深入考察，揭示了中古时期书法的发展脉络。在此基础上，探讨了中古时期书写者、书写方式、工具材料与笔法演变、书体、书风之间的互动关系。

本书充分利用汉晋简牍、残纸等原始书迹和铭石书迹，结合史料文献，从墨迹、铭刻两大书迹体系出发，对体现时代特征的代表性书迹，以专题的形式深入探讨，明辨书法之变的特征和根源，以期推进中古书法史研究。

本书运用多维度史学分析法、跨学科文化研究与理论批评范式，以“历史-文本-文化”为研究路径展开，以历时性的英国喜剧电影史序为纵向线索，以共识性的英国喜剧电影文化为横向坐标，力图还原英国喜剧电影独具一格的民族风貌。作者通过史学流变剖析“英式幽默”的民族想象与文化认同的有效性，深入电影文本，探寻其“尴尬的笑”的趣味生成，并探讨流行喜剧、社会症候和“英国性”之间的转换关系，从而论证英国喜剧电影的喜剧策略是在其历史中不断通过构建、维持和重构“英国性”而实现的。