海外汉学作为中国大陆学术体系之外独立的话语共同体“异地重建”了自近代以来的中国广告，为国内学界提供了一面不可多得的“他者镜像”。这面话语镜像既含有秉持科学主义传统或“西学”精神的客观理性的探讨分析，也不乏“东方学”和西方中心主义视角下的认知偏差，需要本土研究者的甄辨清厘和批判省思。

园区经济是很多发展中国家一直在探索的促进经济发展的方式之一，南非也不例外。探讨园区发展的成败对于窥见实施国政府和市场的功能与定位有重要借鉴作用。本书结合作者在南非近三年的田野调研，对南非园区的整体发展进行了回溯和分析，同时选择了南非运作最成熟的园区——库哈经济特区进行个案分析。实践上看，本书对拟进行海外投资和促进中非交流的企业和个人都有参考价值。理论层面，本书引入一个新的理论模型——平台和多边市场来对园区发展进行讨论，尝试拓展既有研究的边界。

“天下之本在国，国之本在家”，家国关系是承载中国文明古今之变的重要问题。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视家庭家教家风建设，把领导干部的家风建设提到前所未有的高度，成为作风建设的重要内容。本书基于这一思想，特邀中国社会科学院多个研究所的骨干研究力量，汇集他们承担的中国社会科学院妇女/性别研究中心项目成果的精华篇章，围绕“家”这一国之本，从马克思主义理论、史学、哲学、社会学、人口学、政治学等多学科、多角度探讨家庭家教家风建设在实现中华民族伟大复兴道路上的理论价值、现实贡献和实践路径，为喜迎党的二十大胜利召开贡献应有的智力支持和学术力量。

邵然，1986年3月生，云南昆明人，云南省社会科学院哲学研究所副研究员，云南大学硕士生导师（外聘），哲学博士，云南省首批“万人计划”青年拔尖人才。主要致力于马克思主义哲学研究、《资本论》的哲学思想阐释等。已出版专著《〈资本论〉与人类解放的现实道路》；在《哲学研究》等核心期刊及其他重要刊物发表论文30余篇，其中多篇被中国人民大学复印报刊资料、《新华文摘》、《中国社会科学文摘》转载或转摘。近年来，主持国家社科基金项目1项，参与国家社科基金重大招标项目1项，参与国家级、省级项目等十余项。

苗启明，1938年10月生，河南济源人，云南省社会科学院研究员，孚受国务院政府特殊津贴专家。退休前主要研究思维方式、思维哲学、辩证逻辑、美学等理论，并形成独到见解。退休后主要从宏观人类学高度重新研究马克思，提出对马克思的人类学哲学、人类学唯物主义、人类学社会主义等一系列新理解，开辟了人类学马克思主义的研究方向，形成“人类学哲学探索丛书”。发表学术论文200多篇，获中国国家图书奖1项，省政府一、二等奖多项；完成国家社科基金项目4项；出版学术专著21部，主编（或为主要撰写人）6部。

本书整理和研究了作者在日本发现的林语堂《红楼梦》英译稿，是首部系统研究林稿的学术专著。研究篇考证了翻译底本与历程，回答了林语堂未直接出版译稿而在日本转译出版的疑问；指出林语堂的翻译与研究相互映射，翻译《红楼梦》既是其向世界传播中华优秀文化的毕生追求之体现，亦是其呼应而又有别于主流的红学主张之呈现。林稿情节整合衔接自然，译文简明地道，重视再现日常细节、传统文化与诗意等，保全了核心的文学性。其中的叙事重构与人物形象变异等反映了东西文化差异，亦投射了林语堂的个人经历与审美倾向。内部研究结合与英、德、日等其他外文译本的比较研究可知：林稿是一个成功的编译本，重视后40回与侍女故事是其有别于其他编译本的两大特征。整理篇的22个表格含中国传统文化的原文与译文对照表，及林稿注释、修改笔记等，以期为林语堂研究、红学研究、中国文学外译研究等提供参考。

左江流域岩画分布在左江两岸绵延200多公里的悬崖峭壁上，凡80多处、约300组画作，蔚为壮观，堪称神奇。2016年，“广西左江花山岩画文化景观”成功入选《世界遗产名录》，更突显了其在人类历史文化中的重要地位。古老的左江流域岩画必定是某种信仰和梦想的寄托。可这是谁的信仰和梦想?是何信仰和梦想?这些信仰与梦想所来何处?去向何方?种种谜团就像一个千年幽梦，令人费解。本书即是破解这个千古遗梦的新尝试。

摘要：经过改革开放后40多年的持续快速发展，中国经济需求结构和劳动力结构已发生重大变化，加上资源生态环境等外部约束，迫切要求加快推动产业结构转型升级。近年来，无论是传统制造业，还是各类基于数字经济新模式、新业态的新兴服务业，都在加速推动机器人替代与数字化转型。机器人及其他数字技术的渗透应用为企业带来效率提升、品质提高和成本节约等有利影响的同时，也会对经济社会协调发展产生潜在的负面冲击。尽管学术界和业界都对数字化转型及机器替代给予了高度关注，但总体来说仍缺乏系统性的机制研究和扎实的数据支撑，特别是缺乏对中国现阶段国情特征的提炼。

在经济高质量增长和产业结构调整升级的背景下，中国机器人替代进程基本上是与企业数字化转型同步的过程，因此本课题在进行调研时，并未孤立地看待机器人替代现象，而是立足于制造业数字化转型的宏观背景，将机器人替代定位为实施数字化转型的重要手段和形式，对中国制造业数字化转型和机器人替代战略的实施状况开展系统性的调研和分析。在对机器人的定义和分类、机器人及其他数字技术发展现状和趋势做出明确界定和梳理后，通过田野调查、企业访谈、问卷发放等方式开展企业数字化转型与机器人替代状况调研，总结梳理了不同类型制造业企业数字化转型与机器人替代特征，分析了企业数字化转型和机器人替代的实施动机、成效等问题，并进一步探讨了推动机器人替代面临的障碍及存在的问题。基于案例分析和问卷调查结果，就中国制造业企业数字化转型与机器人替代的趋势、动力、效果以及面临的问题和制约，有以下主要判断。

（1）中国企业数字化转型和机器替代整体上还处于较低水平，代表工业4.0水平的标杆性“灯塔工厂”与工业1.0、工业2.0并存。（2）制造业数字化转型和机器人替代是一个循序渐进的推进过程，这是由数字化建设成本、制造业技术工艺复杂度等因素共同决定的；（3）制造业不同领域的行业技术工艺特征及区域产业生态存在很大差异，数字化转型和机器人替代进程也由此形成鲜明的行业区域特点；（4）企业数字化转型意识增强，产业配套日益完善，为转型提供了基础性便利，数字化推进速度正在加快；（5）企业实施机器人替代，既有提高产品质量和竞争力的主动作为，也有“招工难”倒逼的被动应对；（6）数字化转型和机器人替代能够显著地“降本”“增效”，且能通过提高产品服务质量来提升企业竞争力；（7）由于配套岗位增加、生产规模扩大等原因，“机器人替代”并未带来生产类岗位的显著减少，生产类岗位整体工资水平还有所提升；（8）此外，2020年在新冠疫情冲击下，数字化程度较高的企业表现出更高的营收预期，而且疫情也提高了企业推进数字化转型和机器人替代的意愿。

尽管各地区、各领域不乏推动数字化转型和机器替代、实现提质增效的典型案例，但广大制造业企业特别是中小企业，在推动数字化转型过程中依然面临资金不足、人才短缺、技术制约等诸多挑战，即便是标杆性企业也依然面临技术和人才支撑不足、投入难以获得快速回报、产业生态制约数字化转型纵深推进等难题。宏观层面，中长期内依然存在出现“技术性失业群体”的风险。

上述发展态势表明，随着数字技术对传统制造业的快速渗透融合，机器人替代规模的扩大已经是必然趋势，未来须顺应趋势积极应对，防范大规模技术性失业带来的风险。一是要立足制造业企业数字化水平跨度巨大的现实国情，从完善公共服务、基础设施等外部环境入手，循序渐进推动企业数字化改造。二是加强数字人才培养和人力资本积累，为制造业高质量发展提供持久内在动力。三是加强对“技术性失业”高风险群体的社会保障，确保中低技能劳动力的平稳过度。

关键词：机器人替代；数字化转型；替代动机；技术性失业

Abstract:After more than 40 years of sustained and rapid development after reform and opening-up,China's economic demand structure and labor force structure have changed significantly,plus the external constraints such as resource and ecological environment,accelerating the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure seems to be an urgent choice.In recent years,both traditional manufacturing industry and various emerging services based on new models and new forms of digital economy are accelerating robot application and digital transformation in general.The penetration and application of robots and other digital technologies can bring about beneficial effects such as efficiency improvement,quality improvement and cost saving for enterprises,but also have potential negative impacts on the coordinated development of economy and society.Although both academia and industry have paid great attention to the digital transformation and robot application as well as related labor replacement,there is still need for a systematic study on its influencing mechanism,solid empirical support and especially identifying & analyzing the characteristics of China's current national conditions.

In the context of high-quality economic growth and industrial structure adjustment and upgrading,the process of robot application and labor displacement usually converges with enterprises' digital transformation process,so our study does not isolate robot application,but regard it as an important implementing method & tool against the macroscopic background of manufacturing digital transformation,and conducts systematic research and analysis on the digital transformation and robot application of China's manufacturing industry.Our study begins from the definition and classification of robots,and the status quo&development trend of robot as well as other digital technologies.Field investigations,interviews and questionnairesurveys are carried out to investigatethe situation of enterprises' practices,summarize models of digital transformation and features of robot application for different types of manufacturing enterprises,analyze the motivation and effectiveness and further discuss the obstacles and problems in digital transformation and robot application.Based on the results from case studies and questionnaire surveys,the following conclusions are made on the trend,motivation,impact,problems and constraints of digital transformation and robot application facing China's manufacturing enterprises：

（1）The overall digital transformation and robot application of Chinese enterprises are still at a low level,and the benchmarking“lighthouse factory”,which represents the level of industry 4.0,coexists with industry 1.0 and industry 2.0.（2）The digital transformation and robot application of manufacturing industry is a progressive process,which is jointly determined by the cost of digital construction,the complexity of manufacturing technology and other factors.（3）There are great differences in the technological processes of various manufacturing sectors and industrial ecologies of various regions,so the processes of digital transformation and robot replacement also form distinct sectoral and regional features accordingly.（4）Enterprises' awareness of digital transformation is enhanced and the industrial supporting facilities are improved,which provide better fundamentals for digital transformation,and the speed of digitalization is accelerating.（5）When enterprises implement robot application strategies,they not only take the initiative to improve product quality and competitiveness,but also act passively in response to“recruitment difficulties”.（6）Digital transformation and robot application can significantly“reduce cost”and“increase efficiency”,and improve the competitiveness of enterprises by improving the quality of products and services.（7）Due to the increase of supporting positions and the expansion of production scale,“labor displacement caused by robot application”has not brought about a significant reduction of production positions,and the overall wage level of production positions has been improved.（8）In addition,under the impact of COVID-19 in 2020,enterprises with higher degree of digitalization showed higher revenue expectations,and the pandemic also increased the willingness of enterprises to promote digital transformation and robot replacement.

Although there are many successful cases of digital transformation and robot application in various regions and sectors that have achieved quality and efficiency improvement,the majority of manufacturing enterprises,especially small and medium-sized ones,still face great challenges in the process of promoting digital transformation,such as insufficient capital,talent shortage and technological constraints.Even benchmarking enterprises struggle to resolve difficulties such as insufficient technology and talent support,difficulty in obtaining rapid returns on investment,and industrial ecology restricting the deepening of digital transformation.On the macro level,there is still a risk of“technological unemployment”in the medium and long term.

The above development trend shows that with the rapid penetration and integration of digital technology into tradi tional manufacturing industry,an expanding scale of robot application has become an inevitable trend.In the future,it is necessary to adapt to the trend and actively cope with the risks brought by large-scale technological unemployment.First,based on the reality that the digital level of manufacturing enterprises covers a large span,promote the digital transformation of enterprises in a progressive manner,starting from improving public services,infrastructure as well as other external constraints.Second,strengthen the training of digital talents and the accumulation of human capital to provide lasting internal impetus for the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.Third,strengthen the social security for high-risk groups of“technological unemployment”to ensure a smooth transition for the low and medium-skilled labor force.

Key words:Labor Displacement by Robot,Digital Transformation,Motivation of Robot Application,Technological Unemployment