意思自治是私法的根本精神，但正如所有的权利都面临被滥用的风险一样，它也应当受到制约，否则，以公平正义、诚实信用为价值根基的民法将面临侵蚀，显失公平制度正是对意思自治的制约之一。本书从法律行为的基本理论入手，多角度阐释显失公平这种法律行为的性质和特征，从法哲学、法经济学和伦理学的角度论证其存在的必要性和正当性。本书梳理了显失公平制度的历史演变和国内外立法现状，并从实证角度论证该制度的司法实践效果，它至少有两种以上的法律效果，如部分无效、可撤销、可变更以及赋予法官一定的自由裁量权等。通过理论探讨和实证分析，本书结合我国民法典的编纂过程，就显失公平制度在我国民法典中的定位和安排提出了笔者的思考，并认为在我国未来民法典中确立显失公平制度是传统民法向现代民法转变的重要标志之一。

Autonomy of will is the fundamental spirit of private law, but just as all rights are at risk of being abused, it should also be restricted, otherwise, civil law based on the values of fairness, justice, honesty and credit will face erosion, and the unfair system is one of the constraints on autonomy of will. Starting from the basic theory of legal acts, this book explains the nature and characteristics of unfairness from multiple perspectives, and argues the necessity and legitimacy of its existence from the perspectives of legal philosophy, legal economics and ethics. This book sorts out the historical evolution of the manifest unfairness system and the current situation of legislation at home and abroad, and argues from an empirical perspective that the judicial practice effect of the system has at least two or more legal effects, such as partial invalidity, revocability, modification, and giving judges certain discretion. Through theoretical discussion and empirical analysis, this book puts forward the author's thoughts on the positioning and arrangement of the manifest unfairness system in China's civil code in combination with the codification process of China's civil code, and believes that the establishment of the manifest unfairness system in China's future civil code is one of the important signs of the transformation of traditional civil law to modern civil law.（AI翻译）