简介： 《勒俄特依》是一部有文字记载同时以口传为主流传于彝语北部方言区的彝族史诗，它以五言诗为主并融合了口语叙事的句式。本书作者是母语为彝语的语言学者，她对史诗进行了可靠的考证和释义、准确的语法分柝和标注，对史诗的语言学特征进行了深入、系统的研究。本书上编为译注部分，对史诗进行了彝文、彝语拼音、国际音标、词汇释义和语法标注、句译等五行对照的注音释义；下编对史诗的语言学特点，即韵律特征、句法结构、语法范畴、构词方式和历时演变等特点进行了分析和归纳，可以说是一部建立在翔实可靠的自然语料基础上的小型参考语法。本书可为历史语言学、语言类型学提供可靠的实证语料；可为诗学、人类学、民俗学等学科提供有价值的资料；同时也可作为高校相关专业、彝族地区双语教育和文化传承的教材。

简介： 书仪是撰写书信时的范本，史籍记录的五代以前的书仪已基本失传。1900年发现的敦煌石室遗书中保存唐五代时书仪写本一百余件四十余种，有许多是传世文献中未见的珍贵资料。本书就是据这批新资料对唐五代书仪的类型、源流、演变等进行综合性、个案性研究，还专题探讨了唐代书仪与中口文化关系、书仪中反映的唐代社会生活问题。

简介： 全书主要采用对比的方法，对比《红楼梦》与清代京津莫和苏南方言词的异同，佐以旁证，得出的结论是：《红楼梦》的基础方言词是京津冀方言词，同时吸收了其他方言区的方言词，例如苏南、山东的方言词，但是在数量上要少于京津冀方言词。

简介： 《文心雕龙》不仅是中国古代文学批评的巨著，同时蕴含了丰富的修辞学宝藏。《文心雕龙》是对前代民族文化相关理论继承与发展的基础上，建立了“体大虑周”的文学批评与修辞学的理论体系，《文心雕龙》中有关修辞学的理论和方法，是刘勰创作理论重要的内容之一。《文心雕龙》是魏晋南北朝时期修辞学理论的集大成者，刘勰对汉字、汉语独有的特征及现象进行了全方位的把握与分析，建构了中国古代修辞学的理论基础。本书主要是对《文心雕龙》的修辞学理论进行深入研究，阐发其中具有开创性的修辞学内容，客观地整理归纳并分析论述《文心雕龙》的修辞学思想、字句章篇修辞论、修辞方式以及鉴赏修辞等内容。通过本书的研究，力图对构建具有民族特色的中国修辞学与中国古代文论的话语体系，提供一些启示。

简介： 本书共分为上下两编。上编总论王筠及其对《说文》研究的贡献与特色。既梳理了王筠的生活经历及家族渊源，又剖析了王筠研治《说文》的历程、贡献及其“以俗证雅”的特色。下编通过逐一爬梳王筠研治《说文》所使用的民俗材料，结合学术界的*研究成果和当今潍坊地区的方言调查和实物证验，从析形、释义、正音三个方面，对王筠运用民俗材料研治《说文》的个案一一进行了分析论考，同时对王筠所言古籍中未见之事物，也一一进行了解读。

简介： 本書是在作者的博士論文（南京師範大學2008)基礎上修改而成，全書分爲五個部分：第一章，緒論，具體分析和研究墓誌的起源、分期、名稱、内容和體例，介紹五代墓誌的研究現狀、研究方法和研究價值；第二章，五代墓誌校理，從標點誤施、俗字誤識、可識未識、主觀妄改等十個方面對五代墓誌進行了全面的校理；第三章，五代墓誌特色詞彙研究，主要選擇五代墓誠中年齡義詞彙、婚姻義詞彙、喪葬義詞彙等七類特色詞彙作爲我們的研究對象；第四草，五代墓誌一般詞彙研究，我們從辭書編纂的角度，對五代墓誌的一般詞彙進行研究；第五章，結論。

简介： 自古至今，研究《诗经》的专著汗牛充栋，然而截至目前，尚无一本研究《诗经》虚词的专著面世，本书对《诗经》中的虚词作了全面而系统的研究。虚词的意义比较空虚，它包括代词、副词、介词、连词、助词及叹词。《诗经》中的代词包括人称代词、指示代词和疑问代词3类。副词包括程度副词、范围副词、时间副词、表数副词、情态副词、语气副词和否定副词7类。介词包括时间介词、处所介词、原因介词、凭借介词和人事介词5类。连词包括并列连词、承接连词、转折连词、让步连词、假设连词、递进连词、因果连词、选择连词、目的连词和主从连词10类。助词包括结构助词、音节助词和语气助词3类。叹词包括表示赞美的叹词、表示悲痛的叹词、表示惋惜的叹词和表示怨恨的叹词4类。

简介： Recital contains the concepts of singing，reciting and chanting.The narrow concept of recital means a reading method using vocal variety based on the character of Chinese language.The broad concept of recital contains singing，reading，and the narrow concept of recital.Recital is a combination of literature，language and music.It expresses the beauty of the sounds inside ancient literary works in a musical way，which is based on language.As an efficient，graceful way of reading and learning，recital improves memory，arouses interest，helps to understand and appreciate the beauty of literature.Further more，recital is a good way of teaching，writing，cultural inheritance，health maintenance and self-cultivation.Recital has a long history in China.The tradition of recital formed in pre-Qin period.The widespread recital rose in Han Dynasty，became popular in Wei and Jin Dynasties，ripened in Tang and Song Dynasties.More and more schools had emerged since Yuan Dynasty as the popularity of recital，and the theory had became mature gradually.Recital declined and was discarded by education system.Meanwhile，scholars started to pay attention to it.The work of collecting，studying and popularizing recital has been launched gradually since 1949，and there is a sign of revival in these days.This paper studies the biggest one of recital schools in modern times：Tang Wen-tche's recital.The founder，Professor Tang Wen-tche，is an outstanding expert at ancient prose，Confucian classic，education and recital in the early 20th century.Tang's recital is an important method.Tang Wen-tche used to conducted moral and disposition education.It is a reading method that expresses the spirit of text with vocal variety.Its essential feature is that different genres use different tunes，and prose is speciol，which the repetitive end of the melody，6i5.Tang Wen-tche left us with lots of phonographic reading records of different genres such as pre-Tang poems，Ci，Qu，scriptures，prose，etc.The methods of reading vary by genres，and the sources are different.I believe that his recital mainly came from Taicang of Jiangsu province，his hometown，while the recital of ancient prose came from Tongcheng School.Tang's recital is a combination of Jiang-nan tune and Tongcheng's theory.Prof.Tang's students in two generations learned and innovated，making Tang's recital the most influential recital school in 20th century.Chapter four to chapter six are the core part in this paper and the main part of Tang's recital study：the study of its tune and theory.Tang Wen-tche is the pioneer in the history of Chinese Literary Criticism.His theory is the conclusion of ancient theory of“spirit of ancient prose”and a development of Tongcheng School's prose theory.His method of reading prose is the conclusion of ancient recitals theory.Tang's recital is so valuable that it should be a part of modern history of Chinese literature.Tune study includes rhythm，melody，phonation and breath.New ideasare proposed in the study of this part.The rhythm of reading poems in The Book of Songsby Tang's recitals is three claps，while that The Songs of Chuand other ancient poems are four clap.Every sentence is divided into two parts based on key points such as rhythm point or function word.Each of the last two characters of the second part is one clap，others remain one clap.（If there are too many characters left in the second part，then every two characters become one clap.）The rhythm of pre-Tang poetry is similar with singing and is more even.The rhythm of modern style poetry and Ci are divided by their metres.The rhythm of reading ancient prose by Tang's recitals is influenced by sentence pattern and the quality of text.Tang Wen-tche used different tunes when reading text of different genres.The Book of Songs，The Songs of Chuand pre-Tang poetry share one tune，the main melody of which is 661.35 and 2231.1..The development of melody is based on the art of composition of the text.When reading modern style poetry，there is no permanent tune，the melody is based on the characters of tones，therefore，depends on every single word.Yet at the end of the melody，we always have 653.When reading scriptures，the basic melody is 661.35，which is same as pre-Tang poetry，and the end of the melody is short.When reading ancient prose，the rhythm is average，every one character occupies a clap，and the entering tone character occupies half of the clap.The melody is made by two cyclic tunes.The tunes are plain，containing a permanent melody at the end，which is obviously longer and more saltatorial.This is the sign of being Tang's recital or not.The range of Tang's recitals is narrow，within one octave.It uses the ancient Chinese fifth formal scale.The features of the timbre in Tang's recitals are creaky voice.Its unique toning method is nasal resonance.Tang's recital uses abdominal breathing，thoracic breathing and anti- abdominal breathing to control breath when reading texts.The study of Tang's recital theory has been launched before，but not enough.In this paper，I combine Tang's recital with his thoughts like studying prose with music，Neo-Confucianism and poetry.I also reveal his recital theory and practice system in a comprehensive perspective.Tang Wen-tche's reading method is the most perfect recital method in modern times.Theoretically speaking，it inherits Tongcheng School's theory of‘embodying spirit in pronunciation’on one hand，and creates Yin-yang-gang-rou theory based on Chinese ancient temperament and Zeng Guofan's writing method on the other hand.In practice，Tang Wen-tche combined teaching method of reading and writing，proposing the way of “reading thirty times”，including four steps：relying on sound，looking for spirit，finding the soul，entering the realm.This new teaching method works well in practice.I present that the steps and requirement of reading a text with Tang's recitals are：distinguish its genre and character，pay attention to its art of composition，analysis its rhythm of sound，express its spirit，enter in its realm，etc.Only by accomplishing all these steps can it be called excellent.In the last chapter，I discussed the function，significance and promotion value of Tang's recital，I hope this can be combined with today's promotion work，and helps to study the method of promotion.Tang's recital has many functions including expressing the spirit of prose，experience of emotion，helping with writing，self-cultivation and correcting convention.Furthermore，Tang's recital has a profound significance in practice，and can play an important role in construction of spiritual civilization and school education.Therefore，it's necessary to inherit and popularize Tang's recitals.This paper is based on lots of field work，using studying ideas and methods that are efficient in literature，language and music.It discusses the feature，rule and method of recitals，especially Tang's recital.It focuses on tone and theory，in order to present theoretical support for its promotion.Key words：Chanting，Tang's Recital，Tang Wen-tche，theory of reading，Tongcheng School，spirit of ancient prose