简介： 本书以较宽广的视野，立足于中国当代文化建设和文学批评的繁荣，并将两者有机结合。书中涉及当代文化创新、人文文化、区域文化、城市文化，以及当代文学创作与批评的观察与思考、戏剧与影视艺术的探寻等诸多领域。在中国当代文学创作与批评对人文文化和精神品格的建设与提升，中国当代文学批评价值体系的建构，中国当代文学批评的现状、缺失的整体反思，以及影视批评如何从贫乏走向丰富等方面都提出了自己的见解，富有反思性和启发性。书中还对中国当代文学中的部分新老作品、文学现象、文学史写作等进行了实事求是的解读和深入浅出的阐释。

简介： 近年来，在以移动互联网为代表的新技术影响下，中国社会的经济、政治、文化都在经历深刻转型。短短几年时间里，一种更为碎片化、快餐化、泡沫化、平面化，同时却也更为开放、更为多元、更其主体间性的语境逐渐生成——这一全新的文化趋向，构成我们今天讨论“微时代”并试图从学理层面给予爬梳和展望的基础。在“微时代的文化与艺术”这一大的主题框架下，本书一共划分为四个部分，分别为：“微时代的文化与文学“、“微时代的影视艺术”，“微时代的传媒与社会”，以及“微时代的日常生活“。这四部分涵盖了从虚拟世界的文学、影视艺术到现实社会的生活与传媒，其目的在于多角度、全方位地反映“微时代”正在发生的文化变革。

简介： 本书集中研究翻译学元理论，通过剖析不同时期西方翻译学背后的元思维，将翻译学元理论的建构支点归结于认知，并阐发出一种介于实有性与虚无性之间的居中元认知思维；这一思维促使翻译学的学理认知秉承正念，既不离虚实，又不为虚实所缚，从“心为论转”的窘迫走向“心能转论”的自在；在此基础上，本书结合中国哲学的相关传统与中国翻译学的发展历程，基于中庸与心学传统提出相应的元理论建议，以丰富和彰显翻译学的中国特色。

简介： 本书以认识论为视角深入分析美国解构论的重要代表人物保罗·德·曼的语言论，并将其放置于整个西方的语言认识论传统之中，以点带面，语言理论辨析和语义分析相结合，并与现代语言学和语言哲学相互映照，重新审视言意之争的话题。本书集中探讨了保罗·德·曼语言论中的三个研究难题——“修辞论的定位问题”“文本语言中的修辞表述与认识论的非对应*问题”“意义的原初*问题”，深入反思语言的不可定义的特性以及意义的“不可言说的”的认识论困境问题。

简介： 本书旨在为魏斯曼在分析哲学史中所具有的重要性辩护。为此，本书提出三条主线：“中期”维特根斯坦哲学发展延续性的论证是重估魏斯曼哲学重要性的理论背景；对维特根斯坦、魏斯曼和维也纳小组成员互动的考察是对魏斯曼哲学重要性辩护的哲学史背景；魏斯曼对“中期”维特根斯坦具体哲学的阐释与发展是魏斯曼哲学重要性的具体体现。首先，本书提出从“整体”视角理解维特根斯坦哲学，其论点在于维特根斯坦整个哲学生涯哲学观点的发展是动态延续的。“中期”维特根斯坦哲学延续性的论证有多种路径，其中魏斯曼对“中期”维特根斯坦语言哲学的阐释是本书提出的第三条路径。其次，魏斯曼在分析哲学史中所遭受的误解和低估，是由于维也纳小组和跟维特根斯坦对话过程中，魏斯曼所处的特殊角色、维特根斯坦和小组成员的争论以及小组“左右”两翼对垒的结果。第三，本书论证了魏斯曼对分析哲学的两个具体贡献：他对“中期”维特根斯坦有关语言哲学以及元哲学观点的阐释，对于现今阐释者对这些观念的理解有重要参考价值；他对“中期”维特根斯坦哲学的发展体现在“语言层次”观念和元哲学观点。第四，对魏斯曼有关“中期”维特根斯坦对“假设”和“证实”思考的阐释的考察揭示了维特根斯坦“证实主义阶段”的发展历程；对魏斯曼有关维特根斯坦对“实指定义”阐释的考察澄清了“中期”维特根斯坦语义观点的发展：他从批判心理主义和逻辑主义语义理论开始，接着在《哲学研究》中提出语词的意义在于具体使用的观点，这体现出了维特根斯坦从心理主义和逻辑主义语义理论，到关注语词具体使用的延续性发展。在关注语词具体使用过程时，我们还要考虑到众多非语言因素，这也表明维特根斯坦从询问语词的具体使用到对具体动作的明晰性的考察的过渡。第五，对魏斯曼有关“中期”维特根斯坦元哲学阐释的研究表明，“中期”维特根斯坦仍坚持认为哲学问题源于语言混淆和误解：他在《逻辑哲学论》时期激烈地指出哲学研究是对日常语言的批判，其核心是语言分析方法；在《大打字稿》中提出了语言分析作为“治疗型”哲学的核心方法论；在《哲学研究》中，他逐渐过渡到以对日常语言的用法为考察焦点的语法研究。最后，本书基于文本考察，初步回应了学界有关魏斯曼、“中期”维特根斯坦“治疗型”元哲学观点跟精神分析关联的有关争论。关键词：“中期”维特根斯坦；维也纳小组；魏斯曼；语言哲学；元哲学AbstractThe present book is a vindication of Friedrich Waismann's significance in the history of analytic philosophy: Waismann's texts can provide the scholars of logi cal empiricismmuch help in re-understanding the development of Vienna Circle and the specific stances of the group members in their conversations and debates with Ludwig Wittgenstein during the 1930s;the philosophi cal interaction between Waismann and Wittgenstein,and Waismann's interpretation of Wittgenstein's thoughts provide us with a different perspective in understanding the“Middle”Wittgenstein.Three threads are imbedded: the construction of the continuity of“Middle”Wittgenstein's philosophy is the theoreti cal background for re-evaluating Waismann's significance; the investigation of the interaction among Wittgenstein,Waismann and Vienna Circle during the 1930s is the histori cal background for the justification and refutation of Waismann's being neglected and underestimated; Waismann's interpretation and development of“Middle”Wittgenstein's philosophy are the proof of Waismann's significance.The first and last threads are closely interrelated.First,the author argues that we would investigate Wittgenstein's philosophy from the“holistic”perspective so as to demonstrate Waismann's significance.The“holistic”perspective lies essentially in the point that there is not only a dynamic transformation but a continuous development of Wittgenstein's thought throughout his whole career: there is no essential change in his meta-philosophy,ways of thinking and writing style in different periods.The author regards Tractatus and Philosophi cal Investigations as two“poles”of Wittgenstein's philosophy,taking The Big Typescripts as the representative of“Middle”Wittgenstein's philosophy.The author argues that there are three approaches in constructing the continuity of“Middle”Wittgenstein's philosophy: his critic and giving up of“logi cal atomism”;his transformation of his semantics; Waismann's witness of“Middle”Wittgenstein's philosophy development and his interpretation of“Middle”Wittgenstein's relevant thoughts is the third approach.Second,Waismann's beingunderestimated and neglected in the analytic philosophy was due to his unique role which he had played in the conversations and interactions between Wittgenstein and Vienna Circle members,it is the consequence of the debates between Wittgenstein and the group members,and the confrontation between the“left”and“right”wings of the Circle during the 1930s.Third,based on the present investigation,the book shows that Waismann's contribution in analytic philosophy lies in two perspectives:his understanding and interpretation of“Middle”Wittgenstein's thoughts on“hypothesis”and“verification”,the“ostensive definition”and the meta-philosophy can provide the present interpreters new insights and referential value; Moreover,hisd evelopment of“Middle”Wittgenstein's philosophy is crystalized in“language strata”and his meta-philosophy in his later career.Fourth,with regard to Waismann's Language Strata,there are five key notions in“language strata”:logic,the completeness in description,open texture,verification and truth.The author argues that“language strata”is deeply influenced and inspired by his interaction with Wittgenstein during the 1930s: it is through Wittgenstein's view on“verification”that Waismann formed that idea step-by-step.Waismann inherits“Middle”Wittgenstein's following ideas of metaphilosophy:he still insists the method of linguistic analysis in philosophizing;he still believes that philosophi cal problems are philosopher's“intellectual disquiet”,and he suggests that we should take a“survey”perspective in philosophizing;we should change our view from explanation to description.Furthermore,Waismann also criticizes and goes beyond“Middle”Wittgenstein: he does not agree with Wittgenstein completely that philosophi cal problems are dissolved rather than solved; that the meaning of a word lies at its actual use.In contrast,later Waismann believes that the core of philosophizing lies at a deep“insight”of the problem itself; the purpose of linguistic analysis method is to remove the philosopher's disquiet,to change their perspective in looking at philosophi cal problems,it is not merely a pursuit of clarity.The essence of philosophy is freedom.Fifth,through Waismann's interpretation of“Middle”Wittgenstein's thoughts on“hypothesis”and“verification”,we can have a better understanding of the“verificationism period”in“Middle”Wittgenstein:Wittgenstein's thoughts on“verification”is not only different from logi cal positivism,it also inspires language strata; by investigating Waismann's interpretation of Wittgenstein's view on“ostensive definition”,the booktraces the development of“Middle”Wittgenstein's semantic views:he criticized the mentalism and logicism semantic theories in the Big Typescripts at the very beginning,then he proposed that the meaning of a word lies at its actual use in daily life in the Philosophi cal Investigations,which proves that there is a continuity in“Middle”Wittgenstein's philosophy:he transformed from the mentalistic and logistic semantic theories to the focus of the actual use of language.Wittgenstein's focus on word's actual use is exhibited in his discussion of“ostensive definition”,in which he illustrates many language games.When we are concerned with word's actual use,we should take many non-linguistic elements into consideration,which also demonstrates that Wittgenstein's continuity and transformation from the inquiry of word's actual application to the focus of the clarity of the actual acts of human being's in communicating by their languages.Finally,there are many differences between Waismann and Wittgenstein regarding to“ostensive definition”; By investigating Waismann's interpretation of“Middle”Wittgenstein's nature of philosophy,the book proves that the“Middle”Wittgenstein still insists that philosophi cal problems arise from philosophers confusion and misunderstanding of ordinary language being applied in expressing the propositions,no matter semanti cally or pragmati cally.In the Tractatelian period,Wittgenstein forcefully points out that philosophi cal investigation is the critic of language,its fundermental approach is linguistic analysis.In Big Typescript,Wittgenstein continually forms the linguistic analysis method with psycho-analysis feature: linguistic analysis is the gist of“therapeutic”philosophy.In the Philosophi cal Investigations,Wittgenstein progressively transforms from the linguistic analysis method with psycho-analysis feature to the grammati cal investigation which taking pragmatics as the essence of philosophi cal investigation.Key Words:“Middle”Wittgenstein; continuity; Waismann; hypothesis; verification; ostensive definition; Language Strata; meta-phi-losophy

简介： 本书是研究德里达论述翻译问题论著的一本专著。因为篇幅问题分为两大部分。部分专门探讨了德里达所说的“相关的”的“巴别塔化”指向，即“语言即翻译”的反逻辑态势。在引入德里达对《威尼斯商人》中所含有的宗教自我中心主义以及西方文化的反交流倾向的批判的基础上，引入中华文化中有关“易”的思想，试图将翻译研究纳入天通地通的“天人合一”格局，以求在结构主义译学研究走入死胡同之后，能够为翻译学找到新的出路。第二部分对德里达就“普世主义”及“翻译的神学”的解构的主要观点进行了梳理。本书认为，德里达的解构主义，实质上只是在描述“问题的问题化”，其中含有既定的虚无主义倾向。如果承认任何事物都是在不断变化，那么，都可以将它们视为翻译。这或许是他的积极的一面。沿着这一思路，或许可以引入或重新回到古希腊哲学之中，才能重新开始翻译研究。

简介： 本书立足于20世纪哲学史，着重介绍了解释学、解构论、分析哲学、马克思主义等理论派别对翻译话题的哲学研究，涉及伽达默尔、德里达、巴特、洪堡、维特根斯坦、奎因、马克思、弗洛姆、福柯等众多哲学家以及对话论、解构论、作者死亡论、语言世界观论、语言游戏论、翻译的不确定性论、意识形态论、社会过滤器论、话语论等众多理论类型，对当前的语言哲学研究、翻译研究、语言学研究、文学理论研究有一定的借鉴意义。

简介： 如同本书题目可能引发的猜想一样，本书主要涉及对诸多层次、方面的人类经验之表达问题的探讨，揭示从最低层面的沉默的经验到高级的被语言覆盖的经验的转变、运动，揭示语言层面的经验在没有被主题化之前、没有被明确表达之前所处之隐匿的、被遮蔽的状态，揭示各种非语言的表达形式与语言之间的关系，揭示沉默与语言的相互转化。更具体而论，本书虽然从梅洛-庞蒂哲学思想的初始困境出发，追究其探讨表达问题的必要性，而后主要是从其哲学发展中考察他的表达现象学，但通过比较其他现象学家与之相似的遭遇已经表明：如何通达直接经验与它如何走向自身表达这两个问题对现象学来说，是具有普遍性的而且必须回答的问题。这些具有普遍性的问题即使在现象学之外，在结构主义、解构主义那里，在分析哲学那里等，也是必须面对、并要求作出回答的。就题目而论，考虑到目前语言现象学是正在被研究的一个较热的课题，本书的副标题变为“梅洛-庞蒂表达现象学研究”也是可以的，但是作者认为“表达现象学”这一表述更为妥帖。这有以下几个方面的考虑：首先，虽然梅洛-庞蒂本人并无“表达现象学”这一表述，他只在中期有过“语言现象学”或者“言语现象学”这样的说法，但是我们认为，他前期和中期在考察表达现象时很好地运用了本质描述的现象学方法和发生现象学方法，他甚至将索绪尔的语言现象学视为某种意义上的言语现象学，他后期的现象学存在论在对表达现象的说明中仍然具有现象学的印迹，所以断言他在对表达现象的考察上运用了一种现象学的方法就是理所当然的。其次，梅洛-庞蒂从现象学的角度出发，更加关注活生生的表达现象、言语现象，而不是对象化了的语言，不是作为实证科学的语言学中的语言，不是语言分析哲学中以实证的和逻辑的方式被分析的语言等，这使得“表达”相较于“语言”更加匹配他的这一现象学角度。最后，一般意义上的语言概念不但不能涵盖梅洛-庞蒂所声称的原初“语言”——身体姿势，而且也无法包括绘画、音乐、舞蹈等非言语的表达形式，在涵盖哲学、科学等这些主要以语言表述自己的高级文化表达形态时也勉为其难，这时使用具有更为宽泛含义的概念——“表达”就是必要的。直接经验与表达，沉默与语言，乃本书之主题，旨在通过抛砖引玉的作用，在更为广阔的语境中，就语言现象学和梅洛-庞蒂的表达现象学引发更为深入的探讨。